Abstract
This paper explores the history of criminal law of the Venetian-ruled city of Kotor from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century. The paper is primarily interested in the norms, punishments, and the application of the Venetian, municipal, and customary criminal law, with a specific focus on criminal offenses against life and limb and property. Drawing on the largely unexplored wealth of archival material preserved in the Historical Archives of Kotor, the paper foregrounds the history of public law in Kotor where the existing scholarship has tended mostly to study private law. By reconstructing from the hitherto unused archival sources the norms, the application, and the institutions of criminal law of the late medieval and early modern Kotor, the paper calls for a renewed, interdisciplinary approach to the study of the city’s legal, political, and institutional history. The research specifically aimed to uncover original archival material related to criminal offenses against life and limb, as well as property offenses, punishment and its practical application. The findings reveal highly valuable and significant archival records, which have not been the subject of legal scientific research until now.
References
Antović, Jelena (ed.) (2009): STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – STATUT GRADA KOTORA: Knjiga I, fototipsko izdanje originala iz 1616. godine; Knjiga II, prevod originala iz 1616. godine sa naučnim aparatom. Kotor, Državni arhiv Crne Gore.
Arbel, Benjamin (2013): Venice’s Maritime Empire in the Early Modern Period. In: Dursteller, Eric (ed.): A Companion to Venetian History, 1400–1797. Leiden, Brill, 125–254.
Bogojević-Gluščević, Nevenka (2006): Krivična djela prema odredbama srednjovjekovnog kotorskog Statuta. Boka, 26, 101–113.
Boehm, Christopher (1984): Blood Revenge: The Enactment and Management of Conflict in Montenegro and Other Tribal Societies. Philadelphia, University of Philadelphia Press.
Carroll, Stuart (2023): Enmity and Violence in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Cozzi, Gaetano (1980): La politica del diritto nella Repubblica di Venezia. In:
Gaetano, Cozzi (ed.): Stato e società nella Repubblica Veneta (sec. XV–XVIII).
Rome, Jouvence, 17–152.
Ćirković, Sima, Bogdanović, Dimitrije, Korać, Vojislav, Maksimović, Jovanka & Pavle Mijović (1970a): Istorija Crne Gore, Knjiga druga, Od kraja XII do kraja XV vijeka, Tom prvi, Crna Gora u doba Nemanjića. Titograd, Redakcija za istoriju Crne Gore.
Ćirković, Sima, Božić, Ivan, Bogdanović, Dimitrije & Vojislav Đurić (1970b): Istorija Crne Gore, Knjiga druga, Od kraja XII do kraja XV vijeka, Tom drugi, Crna Gora u doba oblasnih gospodara. Titograd, Redakcija za istoriju Crne Gore.
Ćirković, Sima & Miloš Milošević (2009a): Sudije i sudstvo, STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – Statut Grada Kotora. In: Antović, Jelena (ed.): STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – STATUT GRADA KOTORA. Kotor, Državni arhiv Crne Gore, 63–66.
Ćirković, Sima & Miloš Milošević (2009b): Zločini i kazne – Krivično pravo, STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – Statut Grada Kotora. In: Antović, Jelena (ed.): STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – STATUT GRADA KOTORA. Kotor, Državni arhiv Crne Gore, 73–75.
Čoralić, Lovorka & Nikola Markulin (2018): Kotorski plemić Benedikt Paskvali (1704–1790) – zapovjednik mletačkih prekomorskih pješačkih postrojbi. Acta Histriae, 26, 2, 393–423.
Darovec, Darko (2017): Blood Feud as Gift Exchange: The Ritual of Humiliation in the Customary System of Conflict Resolution. Acta Histriae, 25, 2, 57–96.
Darovec, Darko (2018): Vendetta in Koper 1686. Koper, založba Annales – Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko.
DACG, IAK, SN – Državni arhiv Crne Gore (DACG), Istorijski arhiv Kotor (IAK), Sudsko – notarski fond (SN).
DACG, IAK, UPM – Državni arhiv Crne Gore (DACG), Istorijski arhiv Kotor (IAK), Upravno – politički spisi vanrednih providura Mletačke Republike (UPM).
Dursteler, Eric R. (2009): Power and Information: The Venetian Postal System in the Mediterranean, 1573–1645. In: Ramada Curto, Diogo, Dursteler, Eric R., Kirschner, Julius & Francesca Trivellato (eds.): From Florence to the Mediterranean: Studies in Honor of Anthony Molho. Florence, Olschki, 601–623.
Ergaver, Angelika (2016): Reconciliation in the Custom of Blood Revenge; Mediation, Arbitration and the Rituals of “New Testament” Between the Feuding Parties in the Montenegrin and the Albanian Customs. Acta Histriae, 24, 1, 101–130.
Ergaver, Angelika (2017): “First my Brother, then a Blood-taker, then my Brother Forever”. The Efficiency of the Traditional Peace-making Custom in Early Modern Age Montenegro and the Role of the Venetian Authorities in the Peacemaking Process. Acta Histriae, 25, 1, 179–206.
Gelcich, Giuseppe (1880): Memorie storiche sulle Bocche di Cattaro. Zadar, The Press of G. Woditzka.
Gogić, Miljan (2018): Političko i društveno uređenje Kotora u drugoj polovini XII i XIII vijeku (PhD Thesis). Belgrade, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filosofski fakultet.
Lonza, Nela (2014): On Cutting off Noses and Pulling out Beards: Face as a Medium of Crime and Punishment in Medieval Dubrovnik. In: Ravančić, Gordan (ed.): Our Daily Crime, Collection of studies. Zagreb, Hrvatski institut z a povijest, 59–72.
Marinović, Ante (1957): Razvitak vlasti u srednjovjekovnom Kotoru. Zagreb, Historijski zbornik, 10, 1 4.
Marinović, Svetislav & Vukotić, Ratko & Marko Dakić (1998): Crnogorsko sudstvo kroz istoriju. Cetinje, Obod.
Marković, Savo (2012): Review: Antović, J. (ur.) (2009): STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – STATUT GRADA KOTORA: Knjiga I, fototipsko izdanje originala iz 1616. godine; Knjiga II, prevod originala iz 1616. godine sa naučnim aparatom. Kotor, Državni arhiv Crne Gore – Acta Histriae, 20, 3, 535–546.
Milošević, Anton (1948): Kako se vladalo od davnina u Kotorskoj Republici i u kasnija vremena u Kotoru (na osnovu arhivskih podataka i raznih istorijskih izvora) (1). Podgorica, Istorijski zapisi, 5–6, 288–305.
Milošević, Miloš & Sima Ćirković (2009): O Statutu grada Kotora, STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – Statut Grada Kotora. In: Antović, Jelena (ed.): STATVTA CIVITATIS CATHARI – STATUT GRADA KOTORA. Kotor, Državni arhiv Crne Gore, ,11–27.
Milošević, Miloš (1977): Vodič kroz arhivsku građu: sa sumarnim inventariuma muzejskih i crkvenih fondova i zbirki. Kotor, Istorijski Arhiv Kotor.
Milošević, Miloš (2008): Boka Kotorska, Bar i Ulcinj od kraja XV do kraja XVIII vijeka. Podgorica, CID.
Milović, Đorđe (1953): Prilog proučavanju krivičnih sudova dobrih ljudi u Komunitadi topaljskoj (Mletački period). Cetinje, Istorijski instit ut Crne Gore.
Mijušković, Slavko (1955): Statuta civitati Cathari: Poglavlja o predaji Kotora Veneciji. Kotor, Godišnjak Pomorskog muzeja, III.
Molnár, Antal (2014): A Forgotten Bridgehead Between Rome, Venice, and the Ottoman Empire: Cattaro and the Balkan Missions in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Hungarian Historical Review, 3, 3, 494–528.
Molnár, Antal (2019): Confessionalization on the Frontier: The Balkan Catholics Between Roman Reform and Ottoman Reality. Interadria, Culture dell Adriatico.
O’Conell, Monique (2009): Men of Empire: Power and Negotiation in Venice’s Maritime State. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Povolo, Claudio (1980): Aspetti e problemi dell’amministrazione della giustizia penale nella Repubblica di Venezia. Secolo XVI–XVII. In: Cozzi, Gaetano (ed.): Stato, società e giustizia nella Repubblica Veneta (sec. XV–XVIII), vol. I. Rome, Jouvence.
Povolo, Claudio (2014): Faida e vendetta a tra consuetudini e riti processuali nell’Europa medievale e moderna. Un approccio antropologico-giuridico. In: Ravančić, Gordan (ed.): Our Daily Crime, Collection of Studies. Zagreb, Hrvatski institut za povijest, 9–58.
Povolo, Claudio (2017): La Pietra del Bando. Vendetta e Banditismo in Europa tra Cinque e Seicento. Acta Histriae, 25, 1, 21–56.
Ravančić, Gordan (2014): Rhythm of Crime in a Medieval City – Example of Dubrovnik. In: Ravančić, Gordan (ed.): Our Daily Crimes, Collection of Studies. Zagreb, Hrvatski institut za povijest, 73–101.
Raukar, Tomislav (1980–1981): Komunalna društva u Dalmaciji u XIV stoljeću. Historijski zbornik, XXXIII–XXXIV (1), 139–209.
Santoro, Michele (2024): Reti clientelari e trasmissione di informazioni: le Bocche di Cattaro tra Venezia, Roma e Costantinopoli (sec. XVI–XVII). In: Orlando, Ermanno & Gherardo Ortalli (eds): Dimensioni istituzionali del Commonwealth veneziano. Venice, Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, 397–413.
Sindik, Ilija (1950): Komunalno uređenje Kotora: od druge polovine XII do početka XV stoleća. Belgrade, Naučna knjiga.
Sindik, Ilija (1953): Zbornik izveštaja o istraživanjima Boke Kotorske I. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, 103.
Solovjev, Aleksandar (1933): Dušanov zakonik kod Paštrovića, Belgrade, Arhiv za pravne i društvene nauke, XXIII (2)/XXVII (XLIV).
Solovjev, Aleksandar (1947): Studije iz istorije našeg narodnog prava u XVIII veku. Sarajevo, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Sarajevu, II (nova serija), 207–240.
Stojanović, Zoran (2023): Razvoj krivičnog prava u Crnoj Gori sa osvrtom na vizantijsku pravnu tradiciju. Podgorica, Glasnik odjeljenja društvenih nauka – CANU, 85–140.
Zamperetti, Sergio (1980): Per una storia delle istituzioni rurali nella terraferma veneta: il contado vicentino nei secoli XVI e XVII. In: Gaetano, Cozzi (ed.): Stato e società nella Repubblica Veneta (sec. XV–XVIII), vol. II. Rome, Jouvence.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
